Quick Facts on the Korean War

Quick Facts on the Korean War The Korean War began on June 25, 1950 and ended on July 27, 1953. Where The Korean War took place on the Korean Peninsula, initially in South Korea, and then later in North Korea as well. Who North Korean communist forces called the North Korean Peoples Army (KPA) under President Kim Il-Sung began the war.  Mao Zedongs Chinese Peoples Volunteer Army (PVA) and the Soviet Red Army joined later. Note - the majority of the soldiers in the Peoples Volunteer Army were not really volunteers. On the other side, the South Korean Republic of Korea Army (ROK) joined forces with the United Nations. The UN force included troops from: United States (approx. 327,000)Great Britain (14,000)Canada (8,000)Turkey (5,500)Australia (2,300)Ethiopia (1,600)The Philippines (1,500)New Zealand (1,400)Thailand (1,300)Greece (1,250)France (1,200)Colombia (1,000)Belgium (900)South Africa (825)The Netherlands (800)Sweden (170)Norway (100)Denmark (100)Italy (70)India (70)Luxembourg (45) Maximum Troop Deployment South Korea and UN: 972,214 North Korea, China, USSR: 1,642,000 Who Won the Korean War? Neither side actually won the Korean War. In fact, the war goes on to this day, since the combatants never signed a peace treaty. South Korea did not even sign the Armistice agreement of July 27, 1953, and North Korea repudiated the armistice in 2013. In terms of territory, the two Koreas returned essentially to their pre-war boundaries, with a demilitarized zone (DMZ) dividing them roughly along the 38th parallel. The civilians on each side truly lost the war, which resulted in millions of civilian deaths and economic devastation. Total Estimated Casualties South Korea and UN troops: 178,236 killed, 32,844 missing, 566,314 wounded.North Korea, USSR, and Chinese troops: Numbers are unclear, but American estimates range from 367,000 to 750,000 killed, about 152,000 missing or taken prisoner  and 686,500 to 789,000 wounded.South Korean civilians: 373,599 killed, 229,625 wounded, and 387,744 missingNorth Korean civilians: estimated 1,550,000 casualtiesTotal civilian deaths and injuries: approximately 2.5 million Major Events and Turning Points June 25, 1950: North Korea invades South KoreaJune 28, 1950: North Korean forces capture southern capital, SeoulJune 30, 1950: US pledges troops to UN effort for defense of South KoreaSept. 15, 1950: ROK and UN troops confined to Pusan Perimeter, launch counter-offensive Invasion of InchonSept. 27, 1950: UN troops recapture SeoulOct. 9, 1950: ROK and UN troops drive KPA back across 38th Parallel, South Koreans and allies invade North KoreaOct. 19, 1950: ROK and UN capture northern capital of PyongyangOct. 26, 1950: South Korean and UN troops mass along Yalu River, the North Korea/China borderOct. 27, 1950: China enters war on North Korean side, pushes UN/South Korean troops backNov. 27-30, 1950: Battle of Chosin ReservoirJan. 15, 1951: North Korean and Chinese troops retake SeoulMarch 7 - April 4, 1951: Operation Ripper, ROK and UN push combined communist forces above 38th parallel againMarch 18, 1951: UN forces recapture Seoul once moreJuly 10 - Aug. 23, 1951: Truce negotiations at Kaesong amidst continued bloody fighting Nov. 27, 1951: 38th parallel set as line of demarcationThroughout 1952: Bloody battles and trench warfareApril 23, 1953: Kaesong peace talks resumeJuly 27, 1953: UN, North Korea, and China sign armistice, ending fighting More Information on the Korean War: Detailed Timeline of the Korean WarPhotographs from the Korean WarThe Invasion of IncheonMap of the Pusan Perimeter and the Invasion of Incheon